Godan verb with 'mu' ending Transitive verb to read to recite (e.g. a sutra), to chant to predict, to guess, to forecast, to read (someone's thoughts), to see (e.g. into someone's heart), to divine to pronounce, to read (e.g. a kanji) to decipher, to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.), to tell (the time) See also: サバを読む now mostly used in idioms to count, to estimate also written as 訓む to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading
Present, Future 読む, 読みます [does], will [do] 読まない, 読みません doesn't [do], will not [do] Past 読んだ, 読みました [did] 読まなかった, 読みませんでした didn't [do] Te-form, Continuative 読んで, 読みまして 読まないで, 読みませんで 読まなくて Progressive 読んでいる, 読んでいます [doing], to be [doing] 読んでいない, 読んでいません not [doing] Volitional 読もう, 読みましょう let's [do]!, I/we will [do], I/we intend to [do] 読むまい, 読みますまい I will not [do], I do not intend to [do] Imperative 読め, 読みなさい [do] ! 読むな, 読みなさるな don't [do] ! Request 読んでください please [do] 読まないでください please don't [do] Provisional 読めば if X [does], if X [is ~] 読まなければ if X doesn't [do], if X [is not ~] Conditional 読んだら, 読みましたら if X were to [do], when X [does] 読まなかったら, 読みませんでしたら if X weren't to [do], when X doesn't [do] Potential 読める, 読めます be able to [do], can [do] 読めない, 読めません not be able to [do], can't [do] Passive, Respectful 読まれる, 読まれます is [done] (by ...), will be [done] (by ...) 読まれない, 読まれません isn't [done] (by ...), will not be [done] (by ...) Causative 読ませる, 読ませます makes/will make (someone) [do] 読ませない, 読ませません doesn't/won't make (someone) [do] Causative passive 読ませられる, 読ませられます is made/will be made to [do] (by someone) 読ませられない, 読ませられません isn't made/won't be made to [do] (by someone) ~たい form 読みたい want to [do] 読みたくない don't want to [do]