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極める
窮める
rarely-used kanji form
Readings

kiwameru
English
Ichidan verb
Transitive verb
to carry to extremes, to go to the end of something, to reach the limits of something

to reach the peak of something (e.g. luxury, hardships, etc), to be extremely (e.g. busy)
Meaning restricted to 極める
to exhaust completely, to have nothing left (e.g. to say)

定義
限度まで達する。
学問・技芸を深く研究する。
残るところなく出し尽くす。
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Conjugated forms
Present, Future 極める, 極めます
[does], will [do]
極めない, 極めません
doesn't [do], will not [do]
Past 極めた, 極めました
[did]
極めなかった, 極めませんでした
didn't [do]
Te-form, Continuative 極めて, 極めまして 極めないで, 極めませんで 極めなくて
Kanjis
ON: キョク, ゴク
KUN: きわ.める, きわ.まる, きわ.まり, きわ.み, き.める, -ぎ.め, き.まる
poles, settlement, conclusion, end, highest rank, electric poles, very, extremely, most, highly, 10**48 Stroke: 12 Grade: 4 JLPT: N2 SKIP: 1-4-8 FC: 4191.1

ON: キュウ, キョウ
KUN: きわ.める, きわ.まる, きわ.まり, きわ.み
hard up, destitute, suffer, perplexed, cornered Stroke: 15 JLPT: N1 SKIP: 2-3-12 FC: 3022.2

Phrases
多くの運動選手は青年時代に盛りを極める。
Parts: 多く (おおく) 運動選手 (うんどうせんしゅ) 青年時代 (せいねんじだい) 盛り (さかり) 極める (きわめる)
Most athletes are at their best during their early manhood.