靴, 沓, 履, 鞋, くつ
shoe, shoes, boots, footwear, footgear
くつは革でつくられている。
は
Particle, pronounced わ in modern Japanese
1. indicates sentence topic
2. indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
3. adds emphasis
どこ, 何処, 何所, 何處, いずこ, いずく, いづこ, いどこ
Pronoun, See ここ・1, See そこ・1, See あそこ・1, Usually in kana
1. where, what place
2. how much (long, far), what extent
あなたはどこでテレビを見ますか。
に
Particle
1. at (place, time), in, on, during
2. to (direction, state), toward, into
3. for (purpose)
4. because of (reason), with
5. by, from
ある, 有る, 在る
Godan verb, Intransitive, See 居る・いる・1, Usually in kana, usu. of inanimate objects
1. to be, to exist, to live
2. to have
3. to be located
4. to be equipped with
5. to happen, to come about
悪いけどほかに用事があるの。
ある, 或る, 或
Pre-noun adjectival (rentaishi), Usually in kana
a certain ..., some ...
ある学生に会うところです。
か
Particle, at sentence end
1. indicates a question
after each alternative
2. or, whether or not
See 何か・1, after an interrogative
3. some- (e.g. something, someone)
indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles
4. hmm, huh
Prefix, See か弱い, emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective
5. very
か, 箇, 個, 个, カ
Counter, Usually in kana, precedes the thing being counted; e.g. 3か月, 5か所; also written as ヶ or ケ
counter used with Sino-Japanese words