厳しい, 酷しい, きびしい
Conjugated: 厳しく
1. severe, strict, rigid, unsparing, relentless
2. hard (to do), difficult, tricky
3. intense (e.g. cold), harsh (weather), inclement
彼は厳しい批判にさらされた。
する, 為る
Conjugated: している
Usually in kana
1. to do, to carry out, to perform
2. to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into)
3. to serve as, to act as, to work as
4. to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
as 〜にする,〜とする
5. to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use as
の
Particle, See 乃, occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之
1. indicates possessive
2. nominalizes verbs and adjectives
See が・1
3. substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases
often ん
4. (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
Female term or language
5. (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
だ
copula, See である, See です, plain copula
1. be, is
Auxiliary verb, See た・1, た after certain verb forms; indicates past or completed action
2. did, (have) done
See た・2, indicates light imperative
3. please, do